High Court of South Africa North-West, Mafikeng

The Judges currently  serving on duty at the North West High Court are:

  1. Hon. Judge President RD Hendricks
  2. Hon. Deputy Judge President Djaje
  3. Hon. Judge Petersen
  4. Hon. Judge Reid
  5. Hon. Judge Mfenyana
  6. Hon. Judge Reddy
688 judgments
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688 judgments
Citation
Judgment date
March 2026
LPC may approach the High Court pre-discipline; respondent struck off for trust-account mismanagement and practising without an FFC.
Legal Practice Council – section 44 and inherent/common law powers to approach High Court pre-discipline; practising without Fidelity Fund Certificate; failure to lodge audit reports and pay fees; serious trust-account mismanagement/misappropriation; fit-and-proper standard; striking off and appointment of curator bonis; punitive costs.
2 March 2026
February 2026
Negligent swapping of stillborn remains does not warrant damages absent expert evidence of a detectable psychiatric injury.
Medical negligence – mortuary misidentification and wrongful burial – emotional shock claims require proof of a detectable psychiatric injury – expert psychiatric evidence necessary for compensable damages.
27 February 2026
Municipal unilateral rezoning without statutorily required procedures is ultra vires and not insulated from PAJA review.
Administrative law; PAJA s7(2) exhaustion; SPLUMA; municipal land‑use; unlawful unilateral rezoning; ultra vires; Pieterse NO v Lephalale; separate regulatory domains (planning vs petroleum); punitive costs.
27 February 2026
Urgent review premature under PAJA; Premier lawfully complied with SCA and North West Act s14; application struck for lack of urgency.
Administrative law – urgency – PAJA s5 90‑day reasons period – premature review; Traditional leadership – North West Act s14 – only Moruleng Royal Family may resolve succession; Extra‑territorial resolutions (Mochudi, Botswana) invalid; Compliance with Supreme Court of Appeal order; Self‑created urgency; Costs on Scale C Rule 67A.
25 February 2026
Appeal struck where condonation for late noting was sought in High Court instead of the magistrate as required.
Criminal procedure — Appeal from regional court — Rule 67(5A)(a)(i) MCR and s 309(2) CPA — Ten‑day rule for life sentences — Condonation for late noting must be sought from magistrate — Appeal struck where condonation sought in High Court.
24 February 2026
Default judgment rescinded where applicant’s ICU hospitalisation and last-minute attorney withdrawal constituted good cause and prima facie defence.
Rescission of default judgment; Rule 42(1)(a) and common-law good cause; medical incapacity and last-minute attorney withdrawal; procedural irregularity in discovery order requiring compliance ‘15 days before trial’ without a trial date; bona fide defence with prima facie prospects; costs awarded to respondent on Scale C of Rule 67A.
23 February 2026
Applicants failed to show reasonable prospects that an appeal would succeed against an interim interdict suspending disciplinary proceedings.
Superior Courts Act s17(1)(a) — "would" threshold for leave to appeal; interlocutory/urgency rulings — non-appealable; interim interdict pendente lite — preserves status quo and ordinarily not appealable; doctrine of legality — authority to institute disciplinary proceedings; balance of convenience — irreversible prejudice vs temporary delay; costs — trial court's discretion not lightly disturbed.
20 February 2026
Failure to disclose material facts in an ex parte application led to discharge of order and potential personal costs liability for the applicant.
Civil procedure – urgent ex parte applications – duty of full and frank disclosure – material non‑disclosure by applicant justifies setting aside ex parte order; locus standi and authority to depose to affidavits – deponents with personal knowledge competent; costs – personal (de bonis propriis) and attorney-and-client scale may be ordered against state official for wilful/non-disclosure.
20 February 2026
Police and prosecuting authority held jointly liable for unlawful arrest, detention and malicious prosecution; R350,000 awarded.
Unlawful arrest and detention – s 40(1)(b) CPA – reasonable suspicion – legal and factual causation – malicious prosecution – joint and several liability of Minister of Police and prosecuting authority – quantum for detention and stigma (R350,000).
20 February 2026
Appeal allowed in part: duplicated rape counts quashed; life sentences on primary rape counts confirmed and ordered to run concurrently.
Criminal law – Duplication of convictions for rape – impermissible splitting of charges where repeated penetration in same encounter should be charged as single count; DNA evidence – admissibility and weight where not contested; Sentencing – section 51(1) and Schedule 2 prescribed life sentences, substantial and compelling circumstances required to deviate; s280 concurrency order.
19 February 2026
Ex parte order authorising sale of estate property set aside for non‑compliance with s 47 and material non‑disclosure; punitive personal costs.
Administration of estates – Section 47 Administration of Estates Act – Executor's sale of immovable property – Heirs' written approval and Master's role in deadlock – Ex parte proceedings and duty of uberrima fides – Non‑disclosure and failure to join interested parties – Actio communi dividundo inapplicable where statute prescribes procedure – Rescission and punitive costs.
16 February 2026
Whether a testamentary executor should be removed under s 54(1)(a)(v) absent evidence of dishonesty or mismanagement.
Administration of Estates Act s54(1)(a)(v) – removal of executor – strict discretion; freedom of testation – mere hostility insufficient; alleged conflict of interest; accounting of trust funds; executor’s duty to protect estate; condonation for late affidavit.
16 February 2026
First mortgage bond cessionary entitled to rental proceeds; second bondholder must account to liquidators and rectification claim dismissed.
Insolvency law – concursus creditorum – prohibition on individual appropriation of estate assets; Real security – priority of first registered mortgage bond over second covering bond; Rectification – claim not prescribed but succeeds only on clear evidence of common intention; Caveat subscriptor – signatory bound by document and prolonged acquiescence; Waiver – requires clear, unequivocal intention.
16 February 2026
The applicant’s lapsed appeal reinstated despite a weak explanation because an irregular replying affidavit likely caused gross injustice.
Condonation and reinstatement of lapsed appeal; appellant’s duty to give full explanation for delay; prospects of success v. flagrant non‑compliance; summary judgment procedure—impermissibility of replying affidavits under Magistrates’ Court Rule 14; interest of justice; costs for negligent prosecution of appeal.
12 February 2026
Warrantless arrest was unlawful: officer lacked objectively reasonable suspicion and failed to verify possession under ss 40(1)(b) and (e).
Unlawful arrest and detention — Criminal Procedure Act ss 40(1)(b) and 40(1)(e) — reasonable suspicion standard — Mabona test — hearsay must be corroborated — possession requirement for s 40(1)(e) — police discretion to arrest.
12 February 2026
Failure to note an appeal in the Regional Court bars the High Court from hearing it; appeal struck from the roll.
Criminal procedure — Appeal — Noting v prosecution of appeal; s 309(2) Criminal Procedure Act — exclusive power in magistrate to extend noting period; Magistrates' Court Rule 67 — furnishing grounds to magistrate; High Court lacks jurisdiction to condone late noting; appeal struck from roll.
11 February 2026
Court awarded applicant past and future loss of earning capacity, applying a 20% post‑morbid contingency absent unique risk factors.
Delict — Motor vehicle accident — Loss of earning capacity — Assessment of past and future loss — Contingency deductions; Southern Insurance Association Ltd v Bailey NO applied — Rule 38(2) affidavit evidence permitted — Default judgment where notice of bar ignored — Quantum awarded for diminished capacity of a street vendor.
11 February 2026
Whether a magistrate-recorded statement required a trial-within-a-trial and whether circumstantial/forensic evidence proved murder beyond reasonable doubt.
Criminal law — admissibility of confessions/ admissions — trial within a trial where voluntariness or infringement of rights disputed; right to legal representation when statement taken; circumstantial evidence — Blom and Chabalala principles; self-defence plea and evidential burden; appellate review of factual findings.
10 February 2026
Applicant’s statutory biosecurity duties justified an interdict regulating livestock movement across its farm despite respondents’ historical access.
Animal Diseases Act – biosecurity and movement controls – Control Measures for cloven-hoof animals – interim interdict – regulation of livestock movement across private farm – balancing statutory disease-control duties against historical access.
9 February 2026
Prior dismissal for insufficiency of proof does not bar new PIE eviction; verbal ‘sweat equity’ cannot transfer land.
Property law – Eviction under PIE Act – res judicata – continued occupation constitutes new cause of action; Alienation of Land Act – written deed required to transfer immovable property; registered owner’s vindicatory rights – just and equitable inquiry under s 4(7) PIE; costs on Magistrates’ Court scale.
9 February 2026
Court set aside Department’s refusal to fund child-protection NPOs, directing SLAs and designation certificates within 10 days.
Administrative law — Judicial review under PAJA — Reasonableness and procedural fairness of funding decisions; Children’s rights (s28 Constitution) — State duty to provide/procure child-protection services; Section 107 Children’s Act — designation of child protection organisations; Funding of NPOs and SLAs — budgeting/planning obligations of the State; Urgency; Substitution remedy — exceptional circumstances under s8(1)(c)(ii)(aa) PAJA (Trencon principles).
9 February 2026
Court appointed interim curatrix ad personam, ordered disclosure and delivery of patient, and interdicted obstruction and threats.
Guardianship/curator bonis – interdictory relief to compel disclosure and prevent obstruction – best interests of an adult with intellectual disability paramount – appointment of interim curatrix ad personam – threats and unlawful practice by unregistered representative – stay pending rescission unsustainable without counter‑application – costs on attorney and client scale.
9 February 2026
Approximately two years’ pre‑sentence detention did not justify reducing the 15‑year minimum for armed robbery.
Criminal law – sentencing – prescribed minimum sentences – pre-sentence detention not automatically substantial and compelling – proportionality assessment – Radebe; Ludidi.
5 February 2026
Lender’s waiver of conditions and enforceable non-variation clause upheld; debt and execution against commercial property granted.
Facility agreement – conditions precedent and waiver; Non-variation clause – Shifren principle and estoppel; Pactum de non petendo – oral amendment; Public policy and interest rates in commercial lending; National Credit Act applicability to juristic persons and sureties; Executability of commercial immovable property.
5 February 2026
January 2026
Leave to appeal refused where applicant failed to show reasonable prospects that trial court misapplied standards on medical negligence and evidence.
Medical negligence — standard of care and causation — evaluation of expert evidence — plea in bare denial — negative inference for failure to call crucial clinical witnesses — application for leave to appeal under s 17(1) Superior Courts Act.
30 January 2026
Applicant’s particulars disclosed a contractual cause of action; exceptions for vagueness and non‑disclosure were dismissed.
Civil procedure — Exception under Rule 23 — Whether particulars disclose cause of action — Pleading requirements (facta probanda vs facta probantia) — Vagueness and embarrassment — Insurance brokeral duty to procure adequate cover — Section 63 Close Corporations Act — Personal liability for omission of "CC" suffix.
30 January 2026
Appellant's challenge to conviction and sentence for assault with intent to do grievous bodily harm dismissed; findings and firearms order upheld.
Criminal law – Assault with intent to do grievous bodily harm – credibility of eyewitnesses – immaterial discrepancies – medical evidence not dispositive – voluntary intoxication not a defence to intentional violence against a vulnerable victim – sentencing discretion – consequential firearms prohibition (s103(1) Firearms Control Act).
27 January 2026
No jurisdiction to challenge conviction without section 309C petition; seven-year sentence for firearm attempted murder upheld.
Criminal law – Appeal and jurisdiction – where trial court grants leave only as to sentence and no section 309C petition exists, appeal against conviction not before court; Sentencing – attempted murder involving a firearm – seriousness, deterrence and community protection outweigh personal mitigation; appellate interference only for misdirection, irregularity or shocking inappropriateness; Firearms Control Act s103(1) – automatic disqualification confirmed.
27 January 2026
Interim relief granted protecting director/shareholder rights and ordering payment of terminated director remuneration pending final determination.
Company law – interim relief protecting director/shareholder rights – interaction with labour dispute before CCMA; urgency and self-created delay; prima facie right to director remuneration; s71 Companies Act compliance for removal of directors.
26 January 2026
Whether the defendant is liable for unpaid landscaping services where an employee accepted quotations and partial payments.
Contract/quantum — performance and claim for unpaid landscaping and plant-hire services; agency/authority — employee’s acceptance and signed invoices as binding on employer; inspection in loco — measurement and amendment of particulars; evidence — weight of photographs and WhatsApp communications; adverse inference for failure to call available corroborative witness; counterclaim dismissed for lack of evidence.
26 January 2026
Court refused strike-out and referred contested factual disputes about land allocation, title authenticity and alleged encroachment to oral evidence.
Civil procedure – Motion proceedings – Striking out replying affidavit – test for scandalous, vexatious, irrelevant or new matter; Civil procedure – Referral to oral evidence under Uniform Rule 6(5)(g) where genuine disputes of fact exist; Land law – Customary land allocation, authenticity of allocation certificate, alleged donation and boundary disputes; Uniform Rules 30/30A – procedural challenge to referral to oral evidence dismissed; Discovery – Uniform Rule 35 to apply for hearing.
26 January 2026
Court referred disputed will validity (capacity, undue influence, signature authenticity) to oral evidence under Rule 6(5)(g).
Rule 6(5)(g) – referral to oral evidence in motion proceedings – disputed testamentary capacity, undue influence and signature authenticity – Plascon-Evans principles – interests of justice – procedural case management for viva voce hearing.
21 January 2026
Whether an account-statement request interrupted prescription and whether s127 NCA notices and certificate of balance suffice for summary judgment.
Summary judgment — prescription — interruption by acknowledgement of debt under s14 Prescription Act — compliance with s127(2) and s127(5) National Credit Act — electronic delivery and track-and-trace evidence — certificate of balance prima facie proof — sale for highest reasonably obtainable price (s127/128).
20 January 2026
Whether a judgment creditor may intervene to set aside an ex parte curatorship order that stayed execution against trust property.
Civil procedure – Intervention (Rule 12) – Direct and substantial interest; Urgent ex parte relief (Rule 6) – duty of full and frank disclosure (uberrima fides); Reconsideration under Rule 6(12)(c) – limits and relation to intervention; Trusts – beneficiaries’ interests and trustees’ remedies; Res judicata/functus officio – impermissible collateral attack on final judgment; Beningfield exception – scope and limits; Curator/curatrix ad litem – investigatory role v litigant status; Costs – punitive attorney-and-client scale for non-disclosure and abuse of process.
19 January 2026
Application to rescind POCA forfeiture dismissed for failure to seek condonation and fatal affidavit commissioning irregularities.
Forfeiture – POCA s 53(3) rescission – peremptory 20‑day rule and condonation principles (Melane) – motion practice – three‑set rule; confirmatory affidavits; commissioning and Regulation 4(1) compliance – inadmissibility and hearsay – absence of material deponent affidavit.
16 January 2026
Appellants' appeal dismissed; trial without assessors and s176 correction of judgment upheld; life sentences affirmed.
Criminal law – Murder – Common purpose (s 51(1) read with Schedule 2 Part 1) – Trial without assessors – s93ter and counsel’s waiver – Amendment of judgment under s176 Criminal Procedure Act – Life sentence – Substantial and compelling circumstances.
12 January 2026
Applicant’s project-manager appointment upheld; later appointment and SLA with another consultant set aside for tender non-compliance (expired registration).
Procurement law; public tender compliance; PAJA review; non-responsiveness for expired professional registration; s 217 Constitution — fairness, competitiveness and transparency; declaratory relief under Superior Courts Act s 21(1)(c); contract variation from turnkey to traditional appointment; termination by conduct vs formal termination.
9 January 2026
Claim for unlawful detention dismissed: court confined to stated case; no pleaded liability against the Minister.
Delict — Unlawful detention — Liability of Minister of Justice and Correctional Services — Stated case (Rule 33) — Court confined to four corners of agreed facts and pleadings — Mtokonya applied — No pleaded case against registrar/Department of Justice; no liability.
5 January 2026
Court declares the communal association’s AGM election unlawful; orders disclosure, fresh elections and temporary state administration.
Communal Property Associations Act – AGM and committee elections – constitutionality and compliance with association constitution – PAJA and administrative action – principle of legality as alternative review – effectiveness of s10 internal remedy – disclosure and temporary administration pending fresh elections.
5 January 2026
Court declared the communal association AGM election unlawful; ordered disclosure, new elections and interim administration.
Communal Property Associations Act – AGM and committee elections – constitutionality and procedural compliance – not administrative action under PAJA but reviewable under principle of legality – section 10 internal remedy discretionary and ineffective where Director‑General fails to act – disclosure of records and interim administration ordered.
5 January 2026
December 2025
Loss of support awarded; 20% remarriage contingency applied and funeral costs limited to necessary burial expenses.
Road Accident Fund – loss of support – duty to support under Constitution and Children’s Act – minor children limited to age 18 – contingencies (general and remarriage) – remarriage contingency set at 20% despite actuarial 53% – funeral costs limited to necessary burial/cremation under s 18(4).
23 December 2025
Whether secession complied with church rules and whether vague catch‑all respondents could be interdicted; appeal partly upheld.
Church governance — secession of congregation — compliance with internal Church Order (Stipulation 45) — effect of extant court order — Rule 7(1) authority challenges — non‑joinder of broad ‘catch‑all’ respondents — access to courts (s 34) — interdictory relief to protect worship premises.
22 December 2025
Section 22 penalises perjury before the legislature and does not, on its proper construction, breach the privilege against self-incrimination.
Constitutional law — privilege against self-incrimination — provincial immunities — s 22 (perjury) — does not compel testimony or punish silence — subsidiarity — s 23 certificate staying proceedings — admissibility and hearsay rules; s 35(5) procedure.
19 December 2025
Reading a defamatory national publication in the forum vests that court with jurisdiction; dismissal for lack of jurisdiction was wrongful.
Civil procedure — Jurisdiction in defamation — Publication occurs where plaintiff reads or accesses material; concurrent jurisdiction permitted. Procedural compliance — Uniform Rules 7(2), 49(13)(a) — condonation and reinstatement. Pleadings — late amendment does not lapse where consent given; court should not mero motu decide issues outside pleadings. Costs — separation application costs to be costs in the cause; successful appellant entitled to appeal costs.
18 December 2025
Court granted urgent interdict preventing escrow disbursement pending review, finding prima facie right and balance of convenience in applicant’s favour.
Urgency – interim interdict – preservation of escrow funds – prima facie right and balance of convenience – inability to revoke investment manager’s release – costs follow the cause; review grounds of irrationality and unlawful procurement of transaction.
12 December 2025
Premier must decide on recognition of an applicant identified as kgosana under s19 within a set timeframe.
Traditional leadership — Identification and recognition of kgosana under s19 — Two‑stage process: Royal Family identification (s19(1)-(2)) then Premier recognition (s19(3)) — Mandatory relief to compel administrative decision — Res judicata and affidavit‑locus challenges dismissed — Costs awarded.
12 December 2025
Whether an incomplete record and unused DNA evidence justified setting aside a rape conviction.
Criminal law – rape – evaluation of direct evidence and single witness testimony – evidential weight of plea explanations – admissible but unused DNA report – completeness of appeal record – recalling witnesses to put a changed defence version.
12 December 2025
Appeal struck for material non-compliance due to missing trial record and failure to file heads and practice note.
Criminal appeal — Appeal struck for material non-compliance with Uniform Rules of Court — Missing essential portion of trial record — Failure to file heads of argument and practice note — No answering affidavit or condonation — Appeal Backlog Project and on-paper adjudication.
12 December 2025
Unlawful arrest and assault: awards limited by high contingencies; speculative future medical costs dismissed.
Delict — Unlawful arrest and detention with assault — assessment of quantum — evidentiary weight of late retrospective medical and vocational expert reports — application of high contingencies to actuarial loss projections — dismissal of speculative future private medical expenses absent proof of probable personal liability.
12 December 2025
Urgent application struck; SARS joined and statutory detention under the Customs Act held lawful, spoliation unavailable.
Customs and Excise Act — detention of goods under ss.87, 88 and 102; Rule 12 joinder of SARS as detaining authority; urgency requirements for urgent relief; spoliation cannot lie against lawful statutory detention.
10 December 2025